Avicenna made enduring contributions to the areas under discussion here. He is especially famous for his insights into the necessary existence of God and the non-material nature of the human soul. While physics is concerned with the motion of things, metaphysics focuses on the very existence of things. Why and how is it that they happen to exist? There is no scientific or logical law that says they must necessarily exist. There is only a possibility of their existing, and an equally real possibility that they might not have existed. But, unlike all other beings, God exists by necessity, and his non-existence is impossible. To exist belongs to the very essence or nature of God. He exists, and cannot not-exist.

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