This volume contains the scientists's papers of various disciplines including biophysicists, chemists, biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, as well as clinicians whose research activities are cen tered around the various aspects of the reactions and the regulatory role of CO within the body.

This volume is dedicated to the biochemistry of carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions.
Particular emphasis was placed on the following subjects:
1) Chemical reactions of CO in water and facilitated diffusion of CO2,
2) CO adducts to proteins, in particular hemoglobin, and peptide 2 hormones,
3) structure and function of carbonic anhydrase,
4) CO2 exchange and carbonic anhydrase activity in respiratory and nonrespi ratory systems.

Contents
Preface
Chemical Reactions of CO2 in Water
Facilitated Diffusion of CO2
Facilitation of CO2 Through Layers with a Spatial Distribution of Carbonic Anhydmse
Facilitated Diffusion of CO2 and Carbonic Anhydrase Activity
Mechanisms of Facilitated CO2 and H+ Diffusion in Protein Solutions
The Effect of Diffusion Potentials on Facilitated CO2 Diffusion
Evidence for Facilitated Transport of CO2 in Muscle Tissue
Carbamate Reactions of Proteins
The Binding of CO2 to Human Deoxyhemoglobin: An X-Ray Study Using Low-Salt Crystals
The Determination of CO2 Bound to Hemoglobin as Carbamate
Phylogeny and Physiological Significance of Oxygen-Linked CO2 Binding in Hemoglobin
The Carbamate Reaction with Proteins: Observation by 13C-NMR and Evaluation of Structural Consequences
The Measurement of the CO2 Hb Binding Curve of Human Hemoglobin by 13C-NMR Spectrometry
Formation and Physiological Role of Carbamino Adducts of Angiotensin, Bradykinin, and S-Methylglucagon
Interaction Between Hemoglobins, CO2 and Anions
The Influence of CO2 on the First Binding Constant of Oxygen to Human Hemoglobin Ao
Carbonic Anhydrase - Structure and Function
Current Concepts of the Mechanism of Action of Carbonic Anhydrase
Some Structural Aspects of Carbonic Anhydrase
Primary Structure of Carbonic Anhydrases
Evolution of Structure and Function in the Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes of Mammals
Carbonic Anhydrase Activity in Intact Red Cells as Measured by Means of 180 Exchange Between CO2 and Water
Crystal Structure of Carbonic Anhydrase
Kinetics and Mechanistic Implications of CO2 Hydration Activity of Human Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrases
Models for Metal Ion Function and Evolution of the Catalytic Step in Carbonic Anhydrase
Consequences of Metal Ion Substitutions in Human Carbonic Anhydrase B. A Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Comperative Study
Rate-Limiting Steps in the Catalytic Action of Carbonic Anhydrase
The pH-Independence of Carbonic Anhydrase Activity: Apparent pKa Due to Inhibition by HSO 4
Role of Buffer in Catalysis of the Hydration of CO2 by Carbonic Anhydrase
35CI and 81Br Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase
NMR Studies of Carbonic Anhydrase
CO2 Exchange and Carbonic Anhydrase in Respiratory Systems
Cl- and HCO-3 Movements Across the Red Blood Cell Membrane
The Rate-Limiting Event in the Depletion of 180 from CO2 in Red Cell Suspensions
Kinetics of CO2 Uptake by Red Cells
Intravascular End-Capillary CO2 -H+ Disequilibrium
Changes in pH and Pco2 with Time in Pulmonary Post-Capillary Blood in Cats
Kinetics of Acid-Base Parameters of Blood After Respiratory and Metabolic Disturbances
Carbonic Anhydrase in Lung Tissue
Pulmonary Capillary Carbonic Anhvdrase
Can CO2 Be Actively Eliminated by the Lungs?
Experimental Results on Gas-Blood CO2 Equilibrium in Lungs
Intracapillary CO2 Gradients
Contribution of Red Cell-Plasma H+ Disequilibrium to Alveolar-Blood Pco2 Differences During Rebreathing
Diffusion Limitation in Alveolar-Capillary CO2 Transfer in Human Lungs: Experimental Evidence from Rebreathing Equilibration
Physiological Consequences of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition During Rest and Exercise, and on the Bohr Effect
CO2 Transport and Carbonic Anhydrase in Placenta, Muscle and Calcium-Mobilizing Tissues. Localization of Carbonic Anhydrase
Placental CO2 Exchange
Transfer of Bicarbonate in a Hemochorial Placenta
Recent Developments in Carbonic Anhydrase Localization: Occurrence of Carbonic Anhydrase in Calcium-Mobilizing Tissues
Arguments for and Against the Histochemical Carbonic Anhydrase Test
Activity and Properties of Carbonic Anhydrase in Striated Muscle
CO2 Transport and Carbonic Anhydrase in Kidney and Brain
Significance of Carbonic Anhydrase for HCO-3 Absorption and H+ Secretion in Renal Tubules
Formation and Ionic Composition of Cerebrospinal Fluid: The Role of Carbonic Anhydrase
Autoregulation of CSF H+ Activity
Transients and Steady State of Chloride-Bicarbonate Relationships of Brain Extra-Cellular Fluid
Subject Index
List of Participants

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