The Surface Water Modeling System (SMS)
is a comprehensive environment for one-,
two-, and three-dimensional hydrodynamic
modeling. A pre- and post-processor for
surface water modeling and design, SMS
includes 2D finite element, 2D finite
difference, 3D finite element and 1D
backwater modeling tools. Supported
models include the USACE-ERDC supported
TABS-MD (GFGEN, RMA2, RMA4, SED2D-WES),
ADCIRC, CGWAVE, STWAVE, M2D, HIVEL2D,
and HEC-RAS models. Comprehensive
interfaces have also been developed for
facilitating the use of the FHWA
commissioned analysis packages FESWMS
and Bri-Stars. SMS also includes a
generic model interface, which can be
used to support models which have not
been officially incorporated into the
system.
The numeric models supported in SMS
compute a variety of information
applicable to surface water modeling.
Primary applications of the models
include calculation of water surface
elevations and flow velocities for
shallow water flow problems, for both
steady-state or dynamic conditions.
Additional applications include the
modeling of contaminant migration,
salinity intrusion, sediment transport
(scour and deposition), wave energy
dispersion, wave properties (directions,
magnitudes and amplitudes) and others.
New enhancements and developments
continue at the Environmental Modeling
Research Laboratory (EMRL) at Brigham
Young University in cooperation with the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways
Experiment Station (USACE-WES), and the
US Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).
Automated Mesh/Grid Generation
SMS can be used to construct 2D and 3D
finite element meshes and finite
difference grids of rivers, estuaries,
bays, or wetland areas. The tools
include a sophisticated set of creation
and editing tools to handle complex
modeling situations with relative ease.
Several methods of finite element mesh
creation are available, allowing you to
create any combination of rectangular
and triangular elements needed to
represent your model domain. Both
cartesian and boundary-fitted grid
creation tools are available to allow
representation of a model domain for
finite difference models. The powerful
mesh/grid creation tools, coupled with
GIS objects, are what makes SMS such an
easy-to-use and accurate modeling system!
There are two main methods for building
models in SMS, the direct approach and
the conceptual modeling approach. With
the direct approach, the first step is
to create a mesh or grid. The model
parameters, source/sink data, and
boundary conditions are assigned
directly to the nodestrings, nodes, and
elements of the mesh. This approach is
only suited for very simple models.
The most efficient approach for building
realistic, complex models is the
conceptual model approach. With this
approach, a conceptual model is created
using GIS objects, including points,
arcs, and polygons. The conceptual model
is constructed independently of a mesh
or grid. It is a high-level description
of the site including geometric features
such as channels and banks, the boundary
of the domain to be modeled, flow rates
and water surface elevations of boundary
conditions, and material zones with
material properties such as Manning's n
value. Once the conceptual model is
complete, a mesh or grid network is
automatically constructed to fit the
conceptual model, and the model data are
converted from the conceptual model to
the elements and nodes of the mesh
network.
GIS Tools
SMS will allow you to take advantage of
all types of GIS data available for
hydraulic modeling. The Map module of
SMS includes a complete set of tools for
importing, creating, and manipulating
GIS vector and raster data.
ArcGIS/ArcView is not a required
component of the SMS software! You will
find that SMS can work with your GIS
data effectively with or without ArcGIS.
A few of the powerful tools in SMS
include: Robust algorithms have been
developed to allow you to handle large
data sets (such as bathymetry data
collected by LIDAR survey) with speed
and accuracy. Images (TIFF, JPEG, MrSID)
can be geo-referenced, joined, and
clipped. Use TIFF or JPEG images to
guide on-screen digitizing and to
enhance presentation. Boundary
conditions and material properties from
data layers can be assigned to your
model using GIS overlay operations.
Coordinate System Conversions - Convert
data between geographic and planar
coordinate systems. Control mesh/grid
density and type by assigning properties
to simple GIS objects. Create
observation points/cross sections for
review and calibration of your model
output.
Model Coupling/Steering
Many of the tasks performed as part of a
numerical simulation are repetitious and
time consuming. For example, a single
project generally involves running the
model many times in a "warm up" or "spin
down" mode. To make this type of process
easier, a tool referred to as the
Steering Module. The main objectives of
the Steering Module are to: Simplify
data sharing between models Monitor
model runs Save time by automating
repetitive user tasks Achieve more
accurate results from models
The tasks the steering module performs
can be classified in two main groups.
These include single model control, and
multiple model coupling. The control
channels currently available in the
Steering Module are: RMA2 Spin Down
FESWMS Spin Down
ADCIRC<->STWAVE Interaction
M2D<->STWAVE Interaction
RMA2<->SED2D Interaction
Coastal Circulation/Wave Modeling
SMS supports coastal circulation
modeling with advanced finite-element
and finite-difference models. You can
choose which is better for your needs:
ADCIRC - ADCIRC (ADvanced CIRCulation
Multi-dimensional Hydrodynamic Model) is
a latest-generation multidimensional
model based on the solution of the
generalized wave equation formulation of
the governing equations on a highly
flexible unstructured grid. M2D - The
hydrodynamic circulation model M2D is a
two-dimensional, finite-difference
numerical approximation of the
depth-integrated continuity and momentum
equations.
Wave modeling is also supported by SMS.
Once again, finite-difference or
finite-element models are available.
These models can analyze wave action to
predict wave height and velocity: STWAVE
- STWAVE (STeady State Irregular WAVE
Model) is a model that is
computationally efficient steady state
spectral wave energy propagation
model. CGWAVE - CGWAVE models harbor
response taking into account outside
sea state, harbor shape and man-made
structures (i.e., piers, breakwaters,
naval vessels). It is a forecasting
and nowcasting tool used in coastal
and military planning and civil
engineering.
Interaction between waves and currents
can be modeled using the Steering Module
described above to couple a wave model
with a circulation model. The most
popular combination is ADCIRC - STWAVE
coupling. This allows you to run the
models together and find out how waves
are affecting circulation!
River Modeling
River hydrodynamics can be modeled with
SMS using one of several 2D models,
including FESWMS, RMA2, HIVEL2D. A
simple 1D simulation can be set up with
HEC-RAS, supported by the 1D Hydraulics
Module too!
River models will allow you predict
water depth and velocity in complex
waterways including bays, estuaries, and
river reachs. Natural and man-made
conditions can be simulated in
unprecedented detail using the SMS pre
and post processing tools
Water Quality/Sediment Transport Modeling
In addition to hydrodynamics, you will
often need to analyze pollutant and/or
sediment transport in your waterway
system. There are 2 models supported in
SMS that couple with RMA2 to add the
capability you will need: SED2D - A
sediment transport numerical model that
has the ability to compute sediment
loadings and bed elevation changes when
supplied with a hydrodynamic solution
computed by RMA2. RMA4 - A constituent
migration modeling code that has the
ability to compute constituent
concentrations and dispersion when
supplied with a hydrodynamic solution
computed by RMA2.
URL: http://www.e-msi.com
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